PS23.java

import java.util.LinkedList; 
import java.util.Queue;

class Buffer {
private Queue<Integer> queue;
private int maxSize;
public Buffer(int maxSize) { 
  this.maxSize = maxSize; 
  this.queue = new LinkedList<>();
}

public synchronized void produce(int item) throws InterruptedException {
  while (queue.size() == maxSize) {
wait();
}
queue.add(item); 
System.out.println("Produced: " + item);
notify(); 
}

public synchronized int consume() throws InterruptedException {
  while (queue.isEmpty()) {
wait();
}
int item = queue.poll(); 
System.out.println("Consumed: " + item);
notify(); 
}
}

class Producer implements Runnable {
private Buffer buffer;
public Producer(Buffer buffer) {
  this.buffer = buffer;
}
@Override
public void run() {
  try {
for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
buffer.produce(i); 
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) { 
  Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}
}
}
class Consumer implements Runnable {
private Buffer buffer;
public Consumer(Buffer buffer) {
  this.buffer = buffer;
}
@Override
public void run() {
  try {
for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
int item = buffer.consume(); 
Thread.sleep(1500); 
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) { 
  Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}
}
}
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Buffer buffer = new Buffer(3);
Thread producerThread = new Thread(new Producer(buffer));
Thread consumerThread = new Thread(new Consumer(buffer));
producerThread.start(); 
consumerThread.start();
}
}